Rice Straw Composting Improves the Microbial Diversity of Paddy Soils to Stimulate the Growth, Yield, and Grain Quality of Rice

This study aimed to explore the effects of straw compost with different proportions as replacement chemical fertilizer on soil microorganisms well rice growth yield and quality. The variety Quan9you 063 in Fengyang, Anhui province was employed research subject. Four experimental treatments were set: local conventional fertilization a control (CK) substituting at 10% (T1), 20% (T2), 30% (T3) investigate composting. Our findings revealed that T1 treatment had best yield-increasing effect (p < 0.05). Compared CK, yield, grain number per panicle, polishing rate increased by 6.43%, 21.60%, 0.47%, respectively; chalkiness chalky decreased 25.77% 55.76%, respectively. achieved significantly higher relative abundance ?-Proteobacteria, Sideroxydans, Methanoregula, Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus, indicating replacing notably microbial diversity. Hence, fertilizers can enhance yield.